{"id":151,"date":"2022-01-10T20:59:22","date_gmt":"2022-01-10T20:59:22","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/dinodevs.com\/blog\/?p=151"},"modified":"2024-06-11T20:00:07","modified_gmt":"2024-06-11T17:00:07","slug":"boot-raspberry-pi-4-from-usb-3-0-ssd","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/dinodevs.com\/blog\/boot-raspberry-pi-4-from-usb-3-0-ssd\/","title":{"rendered":"Boot Raspberry Pi 4 from USB 3.0 SSD"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Raspberry Pi 4 is awesome for setting up personal projects and experimenting with various Linux distros! I have been hosting my personal Linux servers on Raspberry Pies for years and I always faced the same problem\u2026 corrupted filesystem on SD cards. To minimize the problem, I have been experimenting with USP boards to fight sudden power losses though, from time to time I had to repair the filesystem or reflash my SD cards.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>To improve stability and eliminate the problem, it is now easier than ever to configure your Raspberry Pi 4 to boot from a USB. For this reason, in this article, we will go through the steps of configuring and botting our RPi4 from a USB 3.0 SSD.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"steps-hardware\">Steps &amp; Hardware<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Before we start, let&#8217;s gather the appropriate hardware needed:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\" id=\"block-d197b915-c735-4899-ae0e-1179c8c8eb17\">\n<li>1x Raspberry Pi 4 (duh\u2026)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>1x SD Card to USB Adapter<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>1x SD Card<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>1x SATA to USB 3.0 Adapter<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>1x SSD<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-gallery has-nested-images columns-default is-cropped wp-block-gallery-1 is-layout-flex wp-block-gallery-is-layout-flex\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"766\" data-id=\"176\" src=\"https:\/\/dinodevs.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/argon-case-1-1024x766.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-176\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dinodevs.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/argon-case-1-1024x766.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/dinodevs.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/argon-case-1-300x224.jpg 300w, https:\/\/dinodevs.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/argon-case-1-768x575.jpg 768w, https:\/\/dinodevs.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/argon-case-1-1536x1149.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/dinodevs.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/argon-case-1-2048x1532.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Raspberry Pi 4 inside an ArgonONE case<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"766\" data-id=\"173\" src=\"https:\/\/dinodevs.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/SD-card-and-adapter-1024x766.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-173\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dinodevs.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/SD-card-and-adapter-1024x766.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/dinodevs.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/SD-card-and-adapter-300x224.jpg 300w, https:\/\/dinodevs.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/SD-card-and-adapter-768x575.jpg 768w, https:\/\/dinodevs.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/SD-card-and-adapter-1536x1149.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/dinodevs.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/SD-card-and-adapter-2048x1533.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">SD Card adapter and SD card<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"766\" data-id=\"175\" src=\"https:\/\/dinodevs.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/SATA-to-USB3-adapter-1024x766.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-175\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dinodevs.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/SATA-to-USB3-adapter-1024x766.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/dinodevs.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/SATA-to-USB3-adapter-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/dinodevs.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/SATA-to-USB3-adapter-768x575.jpg 768w, https:\/\/dinodevs.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/SATA-to-USB3-adapter-1536x1150.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/dinodevs.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/SATA-to-USB3-adapter-2048x1533.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">SATA to USB3.0 adapter<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"766\" data-id=\"177\" src=\"https:\/\/dinodevs.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/SSD-1024x766.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-177\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dinodevs.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/SSD-1024x766.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/dinodevs.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/SSD-300x224.jpg 300w, https:\/\/dinodevs.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/SSD-768x575.jpg 768w, https:\/\/dinodevs.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/SSD-1536x1149.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/dinodevs.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/SSD-2048x1532.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">A cheap 128GB SSD<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>There are the steps that we will take:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Update Raspberry&#8217;s bootloader<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Burn Image on SSD<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>First boot through USB 2.0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Solving USB 3.0 problems (optional)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Increase swap file<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"update-bootloader\">Update Bootloader<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>In order to easily update the bootloader of our Raspberry Pi 4, we will use the Raspberry Pi Imager. Download and install from the official Raspberry Pi site if you don&#8217;t have it already. Launch it and for the Operating System select:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code lang-text\"><code>CHOOSE OS &gt; Misc utility images &gt; Bootloader &gt; USB Boot<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-gallery has-nested-images columns-default is-cropped wp-block-gallery-2 is-layout-flex wp-block-gallery-is-layout-flex\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"682\" height=\"452\" data-id=\"161\" src=\"https:\/\/dinodevs.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/raspberry-pi-imager.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-161\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dinodevs.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/raspberry-pi-imager.png 682w, https:\/\/dinodevs.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/raspberry-pi-imager-300x199.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 682px) 100vw, 682px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Launch Raspberry Pi Imager<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"682\" height=\"452\" data-id=\"162\" src=\"https:\/\/dinodevs.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/raspberry-pi-imager-misc.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-162\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dinodevs.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/raspberry-pi-imager-misc.png 682w, https:\/\/dinodevs.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/raspberry-pi-imager-misc-300x199.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 682px) 100vw, 682px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Click &#8220;Choose OS&#8221; and under &#8220;Misc Utility Images&#8221; &#8230;<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"682\" height=\"452\" data-id=\"164\" src=\"https:\/\/dinodevs.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/raspberry-pi-imager-misc-bootloader.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-164\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dinodevs.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/raspberry-pi-imager-misc-bootloader.png 682w, https:\/\/dinodevs.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/raspberry-pi-imager-misc-bootloader-300x199.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 682px) 100vw, 682px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">&#8230; select &#8220;Bootloader&#8221; &#8230;<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"682\" height=\"453\" data-id=\"165\" src=\"https:\/\/dinodevs.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/raspberry-pi-imager-misc-bootloader-usb.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-165\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dinodevs.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/raspberry-pi-imager-misc-bootloader-usb.png 682w, https:\/\/dinodevs.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/raspberry-pi-imager-misc-bootloader-usb-300x199.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 682px) 100vw, 682px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">&#8230; and then &#8220;USB Boot&#8221;<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Then insert the SD card into the SD card adapter and plug it into your PC. Select it under the &#8220;CHOOSE STORAGE&#8221; button and click write to flash it.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>After the flashing completes, insert the SD card into your Raspberry, connect it optionally to a display, and power it up. Wait for it to update the bootloader and then turn it off and remove the SD card (we will not use it anymore).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"burn-image-on-ssd-boot\">Burn the Image on SSD &amp; boot<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Connect your SSD on your PC using the SATA to USB 3.0 adapter and using Raspberry Pi Imager, flash your operating system of choice.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-gallery has-nested-images columns-default is-cropped wp-block-gallery-3 is-layout-flex wp-block-gallery-is-layout-flex\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"682\" height=\"452\" data-id=\"168\" src=\"https:\/\/dinodevs.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/raspberry-burn-ssd.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-168\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dinodevs.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/raspberry-burn-ssd.png 682w, https:\/\/dinodevs.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/raspberry-burn-ssd-300x199.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 682px) 100vw, 682px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Select OS image and target Storage and you are ready to flash<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"682\" height=\"452\" data-id=\"169\" src=\"https:\/\/dinodevs.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/raspberry-burn-ssd-process.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-169\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dinodevs.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/raspberry-burn-ssd-process.png 682w, https:\/\/dinodevs.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/raspberry-burn-ssd-process-300x199.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 682px) 100vw, 682px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Write OS image on SSD<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>After the write competes, if you are planning to run your RPi headless, don&#8217;t forget to create the appropriate <code>wpa_supplicant.conf<\/code> and <code>ssh<\/code> files inside the boot partition of the SSD.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Now you can unplug the SSD from your PC and plug it on one of your Raspberry Pi&#8217;s <strong>USB 2.0<\/strong> ports. <strong>DO NOT PLUG IT ON THE USB 3.0 FOR THE FIRST BOOT.<\/strong> First, we will have to make sure the SSD is working as intended through the USB 2.0 port and then try booting it using the USB 3.0 port. If you get errors when using USB 3.0, check the next section on how to solve them.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"solving-usb-3-0-problems\">Solving USB 3.0 problems<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Some SATA to USB 3.0 adapters are using chips that may not support a USB 3.0 feature called &#8220;UAS&#8221; and this may result in slow transfer speeds and boot errors. You may check your adapter&#8217;s USB vendor ID and try to search online whether it supports UAS or not. After booting your SSD from USB 2.0, run <code>lsusb<\/code> to get your adapter&#8217;s USB ID. Here is an example:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code lang-console\"><code>pi@dinodevs:~ $ lsusb\nBus 002 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0003 Linux Foundation 3.0 root hub\n<strong>Bus 001 Device 003: ID 152d:0555 JMicron Technology Corp. \/ JMicron USA Technology Corp. JMS578 SATA 6Gb\/s<\/strong>\nBus 001 Device 002: ID 2109:1234 VIA Labs, Inc. Hub\nBus 001 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>If you want to do the same process offline on Windows, you can use the following Powershell command to recover the USB ID:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code lang-console\"><code>PS C:\\Users\\thanos&gt;:~ $ Get-PnpDevice -PresentOnly | Where-Object { $_.InstanceId -match '^USB' } | Where-Object { $_.FriendlyName -match 'Storage' } | Format-List\n...\nDeviceID                    : USB\\VID_<strong>152D<\/strong>&amp;PID_<strong>0555<\/strong>\\MSFT303812430D532111010\n...<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>In my case, my JMicron adapter (with id <code>152d:0555<\/code>) was not supporting UAS, thus I had to disable it so that I could get my SSD working through USB 3.0. To do so, I had to edit the boot parameters by running:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code lang-console\"><code>pi@dinodevs:~ $ sudo nano \/boot\/cmdline.txt<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>and editing the contents by prepending the <code>usb-storage.quirks<\/code> option listing the USB ID of our adapter. And here are the updated `cmdline.txt` contents:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code lang-text\"><code><strong>usb-storage.quirks=152d:0555:u<\/strong> console=serial0,115200 console=tty1 root=PARTUUID=7535aa3a-02 rootfstype=ext4 fsck.repair=yes rootwait<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>Now, let&#8217;s <code>sudo shutdown -h now<\/code> , change the SSD from USB 2.0 to USB 3.0, and check power on the Raspberry Pi again.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>You can find more info on the SATA adapter problem at the following resources:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>USB 3.0 adapter problem guide on Raspberry Pi forums <a href=\"https:\/\/forums.raspberrypi.com\/viewtopic.php?t=245931\">https:\/\/forums.raspberrypi.com\/viewtopic.php?t=245931<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>USB 3.0 adapter issue on GitHub <a href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/raspberrypi\/linux\/issues\/3070\">https:\/\/github.com\/raspberrypi\/linux\/issues\/3070<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"increase-raspberry-s-swap-file\">Increase Raspberry&#8217;s swap file<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Depending on the RPi version that you have, you may want to increase its swap file so that more (but slower) RAM is available to you.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>First let&#8217;s stop the swap file usage temporarily by running:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code lang-console\"><code>pi@dinodevs:~ $ sudo dphys-swapfile swapoff<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>Then let&#8217;s edit its configuration and change its size from 100MB to 1024MB. Open the configuration in node:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code lang-console\"><code>pi@dinodevs:~ $ sudo nano \/etc\/dphys-swapfile<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>and change the <code>CONF_SWAPSIZE=100<\/code> to <code>CONF_SWAPSIZE=1024<\/code>. You can then exit by pressing <code>CTRL+x<\/code> and accepting to save your changes by pressing <code>y<\/code> followed by <code>ENTER<\/code>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Now you will have to recreate the swap file using:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code lang-console\"><code>pi@dinodevs:~ $ sudo dphys-swapfile setup<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>Lastly, re-enable the swap file usage and optionally reboot:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code lang-console\"><code>pi@dinodevs:~ $ sudo dphys-swapfile swapon\npi@dinodevs:~ $ sudo reboot<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"conclusions\">Conclusions<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Booting a Raspberry Pi 4 from an SSD is now easier than ever. It improves your system&#8217;s stability and increases your Raspberry&#8217;s capabilities. One thing you should consider is to keep a backup of your important files so that extracting them from a corrupted SSD may be challenging.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Raspberry Pi 4 is awesome for setting up personal projects and experimenting with various Linux distros! I have been hosting my personal Linux servers on Raspberry Pies for years and I always faced the same problem\u2026 corrupted filesystem on SD cards. To minimize the problem, I have been experimenting with USP boards to fight sudden [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":157,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[7],"class_list":["post-151","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-uncategorized","tag-raspberry-pi"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.0 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Boot Raspberry Pi 4 from USB 3.0 SSD - DinoDevs<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/dinodevs.com\/blog\/boot-raspberry-pi-4-from-usb-3-0-ssd\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Boot Raspberry Pi 4 from USB 3.0 SSD - DinoDevs\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Raspberry Pi 4 is awesome for setting up personal projects and experimenting with various Linux distros! I have been hosting my personal Linux servers on Raspberry Pies for years and I always faced the same problem\u2026 corrupted filesystem on SD cards. 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